A/B検定有意性カルキュレーター

1from math import sqrt, erf
2
3def ab_pvalue(n1, x1, n2, x2, two_sided=True):
4    p1, p2 = x1 / n1, x2 / n2
5    p = (x1 + x2) / (n1 + n2)
6    se = sqrt(p * (1 - p) * (1 / n1 + 1 / n2))
7    z = (p2 - p1) / se
8    phi = lambda v: 0.5 * (1 + erf(v / sqrt(2)))   # standard normal CDF
9    return 2 * (1 - phi(abs(z))) if two_sided else 1 - phi(z)
10
11print(ab_pvalue(1000, 100, 1000, 150))  # ~0.00072
12

1// erf via Abramowitz & Stegun 7.1.26
2function erf(x) {
3  const s = x < 0 ? -1 : 1;
4  x = Math.abs(x);
5  const t = 1 / (1 + 0.3275911 * x);
6  const y = 1 - ((((1.061405429 * t - 1.453152027) * t + 1.421413741) * t
7            - 0.284496736) * t + 0.254829592) * t * Math.exp(-x * x);
8  return s * y;
9}
10const phi = z => 0.5 * (1 + erf(z / Math.SQRT2));
11
12function abPValue(n1, x1, n2, x2, twoSided = true) {
13  const p1 = x1 / n1, p2 = x2 / n2, p = (x1 + x2) / (n1 + n2);
14  const se = Math.sqrt(p * (1 - p) * (1 / n1 + 1 / n2));
15  const z = (p2 - p1) / se;
16  return twoSided ? 2 * (1 - phi(Math.abs(z))) : 1 - phi(z);
17}
18console.log(abPValue(1000, 100, 1000, 150)); // ~0.00072
19

1public static double abPValue(int n1, int x1, int n2, int x2) {
2    double p1 = (double) x1 / n1, p2 = (double) x2 / n2;
3    double p = (double) (x1 + x2) / (n1 + n2);
4    double se = Math.sqrt(p * (1 - p) * (1.0 / n1 + 1.0 / n2));
5    double z = (p2 - p1) / se;
6    // Phi via the error function; erf approximated (A&S 7.1.26) separately.
7    double phi = 0.5 * (1 + erf(Math.abs(z) / Math.sqrt(2)));
8    return 2 * (1 - phi);
9}
10

1static double AbPValue(int n1, int x1, int n2, int x2) {
2    double p1 = (double)x1 / n1, p2 = (double)x2 / n2;
3    double p  = (double)(x1 + x2) / (n1 + n2);
4    double se = Math.Sqrt(p * (1 - p) * (1.0 / n1 + 1.0 / n2));
5    double z  = (p2 - p1) / se;
6    double phi = 0.5 * (1 + Erf(Math.Abs(z) / Math.Sqrt(2)));
7    return 2 * (1 - phi);
8}
9

1#include <cmath>
2
3double ab_pvalue(int n1, int x1, int n2, int x2) {
4    double p1 = (double)x1 / n1, p2 = (double)x2 / n2;
5    double p  = (double)(x1 + x2) / (n1 + n2);
6    double se = std::sqrt(p * (1 - p) * (1.0 / n1 + 1.0 / n2));
7    double z  = (p2 - p1) / se;
8    double phi = 0.5 * (1 + std::erf(std::fabs(z) / std::sqrt(2.0)));
9    return 2 * (1 - phi);
10}
11

1import "math"
2
3func abPValue(n1, x1, n2, x2 float64) float64 {
4    p1, p2 := x1/n1, x2/n2
5    p := (x1 + x2) / (n1 + n2)
6    se := math.Sqrt(p * (1 - p) * (1/n1 + 1/n2))
7    z := (p2 - p1) / se
8    phi := 0.5 * (1 + math.Erf(math.Abs(z)/math.Sqrt2))
9    return 2 * (1 - phi)
10}
11

1// erf from the `libm` crate; std has no erf.
2fn ab_pvalue(n1: f64, x1: f64, n2: f64, x2: f64) -> f64 {
3    let (p1, p2) = (x1 / n1, x2 / n2);
4    let p = (x1 + x2) / (n1 + n2);
5    let se = (p * (1.0 - p) * (1.0 / n1 + 1.0 / n2)).sqrt();
6    let z = (p2 - p1) / se;
7    let phi = 0.5 * (1.0 + libm::erf(z.abs() / 2f64.sqrt()));
8    2.0 * (1.0 - phi)
9}
10

1function ab_pvalue($n1, $x1, $n2, $x2) {
2    $p1 = $x1 / $n1; $p2 = $x2 / $n2;
3    $p  = ($x1 + $x2) / ($n1 + $n2);
4    $se = sqrt($p * (1 - $p) * (1 / $n1 + 1 / $n2));
5    $z  = ($p2 - $p1) / $se;
6    $phi = 0.5 * (1 + erf(abs($z) / sqrt(2)));
7    return 2 * (1 - $phi);
8}
9

1def ab_pvalue(n1, x1, n2, x2)
2  p1, p2 = x1.to_f / n1, x2.to_f / n2
3  p  = (x1 + x2).to_f / (n1 + n2)
4  se = Math.sqrt(p * (1 - p) * (1.0 / n1 + 1.0 / n2))
5  z  = (p2 - p1) / se
6  phi = 0.5 * (1 + Math.erf(z.abs / Math.sqrt(2)))
7  2 * (1 - phi)
8end
9

1# R has this built in: prop.test does the whole thing.
2prop.test(c(100, 150), c(1000, 1000), correct = FALSE)$p.value  # ~0.00072
3